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Objective: To provide the theoretical basis for determining the best harvesting plant organ and harvesting period, and investigate the content of chemical constituents of Callicarpa nudiflora in different plant organs and different growth periods. Methods: The contents of total flavonoids, total phenolic acid and total saponins were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the seven components were determined by HPLC. The ANOVA and PCA methods were used to analyze the content of each constituent. Results: The dry extract rate, the contents of total flavonoids, total phenolic acid, total saponins, forsythiaside B, acteoside, isoacteoside, and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in functional leaves were the highest, while the contents of caffeic acid, galuteolin and luteolin in tender leaves were the highest, and all of them were significantly different from the young shoots (P 0.05). The contents of total phenolic acid, total saponins, forsythiaside B, and acteoside were the highest in the FB period, and there was no significant difference with the EFS period (P > 0.05). The contents of galuteolin and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside were the highest in the earlier fruit maturation (EFM) period and the later fruit maturation (LFM) period, respectively, and there was no significant difference with the EFS period (P > 0.05). The contents of each chemical component were reduced to the minimum at the fruit-drop (FD) period, and it was significantly different from that at the EFS period and the FB period (P < 0.05). According to the comprehensive evaluation model constructed by PCA, the comprehensive score of the EFS period was the highest (F = 3.252), followed by the FB period (F = 3.011). Conclusion: Main chemical constituents of C. nudiflora were significantly different in harvesting parts and growth periods. The contents of main chemical constituents were higher in functional leaves and tender leaves, and the contents of main chemical constituents were higher from FB period to EFS period.
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Objective:To establish a HPLC fingerprint detection method of Plantaginis Semen, and analyze the samples from different producing areas in Jiangxi province by combining with chemical pattern recognition method, and the contents of five ingredients in Plantaginis Semen were determined. Method:A total of 34 batches of Plantaginis Semen medicinal materials were detected by HPLC. The similarity evaluation was carried out by the 2012 edition of similarity evaluation system of chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine. The chromatographic peak information was used as the data source, and three chemical pattern recognition methods were used to comprehensively analyze the quality of this medicinal herb. Quantitative analysis was performed on the 5 active components, including geniposidic acid, plantamajoside, acteoside, galuteolin and isoacteoside. Result:The similarities between Plantaginis Semen samples from different producing areas in Jiangxi province were >0.86. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) could distinguish samples from different producing areas, and be used to determine the chemical components, which had strong correlation with the quality of Plantaginis Semen. The contents of 5 active components in samples from different producing areas were different to some degree, especially in the content of plantamajoside. Conclusion:The established HPLC fingerprint of Plantaginis Semen has strong characteristics, combined with chemical pattern recognition method, it can effectively evaluate the quality of Plantaginis Semen and distinguish its producing areas.
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In this paper,the fingerprint of different varieties of chrysanthemum were established with " Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia Medica" and the content of chlorogenic acid,galuteolin and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in 29 batches of different varieties of chrysanthemum in Futianhe town,Huangtugang town and Wuhan city were compared. At the same time,similarity evaluation and common peak clustering analysis were carried out. There were 11 common peaks in the fingerprints of 29 batches of different varieties of chrysanthemum,and the similarity ranged from 0. 802 to 0. 975. Hangju and Gongju were divided into one group by cluster analysis,and Huangju into another category. The established fingerprint method provides a basis for the identification of chrysanthemum cultivars. The content of 29 batches of chlorogenic acid was between 4. 092 and 11. 723 mg·g-1,luteolin was between 1. 010 and 11. 713 mg·g-1,and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid was between 8. 828 and 33. 435 mg·g-1,both reach the pharmacopoeia standard,but the effective components of different varieties of chrysanthemum were quite different. Based on the contents of three active ingredients and the diversity of fingerprint peaks,the quality of the characteristic germplasm resource of local Fubaijuin Macheng is superior,and the protection of local characteristic germplasm resource should be strengthened in production.
Subject(s)
Chlorogenic Acid , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Chrysanthemum , Chemistry , Luteolin , PhytochemicalsABSTRACT
Objective:To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker ( QAMS) for five index components in Yinzhihuang oral liquid. Methods:Using baicalin as the reference,an HPLC method with a Venusil MP C18 (2) column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) was applied,the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid with gradient elution,the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 ,the detection wavelength was 327 nm, the column temperature was 35℃ and the injection volume was 10μl. The relative correction factors among the five index components were detected by QAMS. The five index contents were determined respec-tively by an external standard method and QAMS, and the results obtained from the two different methods were compared to verify the practicability and stability of QAMS. Results: The established QAMS method was used to determine the five index components in 6 batches of Yinzhihuang oral liquid. There were no significant differences in the calculated values and the determined ones (P>0. 05). Conclusion:The QAMS method is simple,effective and accurate in determining the contents of five index components in Yinzhihuang oral liquid,which can be used for the quality control of Yinzhihuang oral liquid and provide reference for the further studies.
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Objective:To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker ( QAMS) for five index components in Yinzhihuang oral liquid. Methods:Using baicalin as the reference,an HPLC method with a Venusil MP C18 (2) column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) was applied,the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid with gradient elution,the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 ,the detection wavelength was 327 nm, the column temperature was 35℃ and the injection volume was 10μl. The relative correction factors among the five index components were detected by QAMS. The five index contents were determined respec-tively by an external standard method and QAMS, and the results obtained from the two different methods were compared to verify the practicability and stability of QAMS. Results: The established QAMS method was used to determine the five index components in 6 batches of Yinzhihuang oral liquid. There were no significant differences in the calculated values and the determined ones (P>0. 05). Conclusion:The QAMS method is simple,effective and accurate in determining the contents of five index components in Yinzhihuang oral liquid,which can be used for the quality control of Yinzhihuang oral liquid and provide reference for the further studies.
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Objective To establish the HPLC method for the determination of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in Jinmei-Qingshu granule. Methods The DIONEX C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used, the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile:0.4%H3PO4, gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.8 ml/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃, and the detecting wavelength was at 330 nm. Results The cablibration curve was linear within a range of 14.10-282.00 μg and 0.60-12.00 μg, the average recovery of this method was 98.87%, 97.75% and the RSD were 1.44%, 1.52%, respectively. Conclusions The method was highly sensitivity, accurate, repeatable and with high specificity. It can be an important method to control the standard of Jinmei-Qingshu granule.
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Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the twigs of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla. Methods: A variety of silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and HPLC methods were used for the separation and purification of chemical composition. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical property and spectral data. Results: Eight compounds were obtained and identified as apigenin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl 8-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (1), isoorientin (2), luteolin-6-C-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), luteolin-6,8-di-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (4), apigenin-6-α-L- arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), luteolin-6-C-α-L-arabinopyranosyl 8-C-β-L-arabinopyranoside (6), luteolin-6-C-β-L- arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8). Conclusion: Compounds 1 and 3-7 are first isolated from the plants of Vitex Linn.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for the quality control of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by multi-components quantitative fingerprint. METHODS: Chlorogenic acid was selected as the marker of ingredients to establish the HPLC fingerprint and as the internal reference standard to determine the contents of other eight components(neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, chiratin, rutin, galuteolin, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C) according to the relative correction factor of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) by slope correction method. At the same time, the nine components were determined by external standard method. The accuracy and feasibility of QAMS were evaluated by comparison of the results between external standard method and QAMS. RESULTS: The fingerprint of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was established, 21 common peaks were identified in all the tested samples, nine of which were verified, the similarities of 20 batches of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos samples were in the range of 0.959-0.997, and there was no significant difference between the quantitative test results of nine ingredients in 20 batches by the QAMS method and external standard method. CONCLUSION: The method of multi-marker components quantitative fingerprint is feasible and accurate for the quality control of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, and it might be a new quality evaluation pattern for Traditional Chinese medicine.
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This study was aimed to optimize the alcohol precipitation techniques for honeysuckle extract in order to standardize the production of honeysuckle extract of Qingkailing Injection and reduce the differences among batches. The orthogonal test was applied in this study. The content of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin were taken as compre-hensive indicators. Multi-index comprehensive scoring method was used in the data analysis. Three influencing fac-tors, which were the fluid temperature, the stirring speed and the speed of adding alcohol, were optimized in the al-cohol precipitation techniques. The results showed that the optimal alcohol precipitation techniques were when the fluid temperature was 20℃, the stirring speed was 240 rpm and the speed of adding alcohol was one time of the ma-terial per minute. It was concluded that the optimized alcohol precipitation process was stable and feasible.
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Objective: To investigate the influence of different parts and different harvest seasons on the yield and quality of Lonicerea Japonicae Flos (LJF), and to provide the reference for the reasonable harvest, lot division, and comprehensive utilization. Methods: After collecting samples from different parts at different periods, the growth index, yield, and chlorogenic acid and galuteolin contents of LJF were calculated and compared. Results: There were the significant differences in the growth and yield as well as the chlorogenic acid and galuteolin contents in different parts of LJF in different harvest seasons. Conclusion: The best collection period is before and during the completely white flower bud stage, and the first batch flower buds have the highest yield and the best quality, followed by the second batch. Branches and leaves of LJF contain the higher levels of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin, which could be extracted and utilized.
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Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of galuteolin in Qingyan buccal tablets.Methods A Phenomenex luna C18 column served as stationary phase and the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.5 %glacial acetic acid,gradient elution with the flow rate of 1 mL?min-1.The column temperature was 25 ℃and detection wavelength was 350 nm.Results A good linearity of galuteolin was in the range of 0.077 12 ?g～0.771 2 ?g and r=0.999 6.The average recovery of galuteolin was 101.35 %and RSD=1.58 %.Conclusion This method is simple,sensitive,accurate,and will provide evidence for the determination of galuteolin in compound preparations.